UniFi Controller Debian Wheezy guide

To install the Unifi controller you will need to add Ubiquiti’s and mongodDB’s repo to the sources list echo “deb http://www.ubnt.com/downloads/unifi/distros/deb/debian debian ubiquiti” >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo “deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/debian-sysvinit dist 10gen” >> /etc/apt/sources.list You now need to add GPG keys apt-key adv –keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com –recv C0A52C50; apt-key adv –keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com –recv 7F0CEB10 You can . . . → Read More: UniFi Controller Debian Wheezy guide

Flash Openwrt Attitude Adjustment on jjPlus JA76PF2

Preparation and installation of OpenWrt on the router jjPlus JA76PF02

Installing from console with serial connection

You should:

  • Shut down  the board
  • Connect the Ethernet cable to the router’s (WAN port) and the other end to your computer
  • Set the address of the network card on your computer to 192.168.1.1
  • Run a TFTPD server and put in its root the files openwrt-ar71xx-generic-ja76pf2-kernel.bin and openwrt-ar71xx-generic-ja76pf2-rootfs-squashfs.bin
  • Start the tftpd server
  • Connect the serial cable to the board
  • Start a serial terminal with parameters 8 n 1 115200
  • Turn on the board
  • and hit Ctrl-C to stop at the bootloader’s command line.  Now you are in RedBoot

Continue reading Flash Openwrt Attitude Adjustment on jjPlus JA76PF2

Setup Mikrotik OpenVPN Server using CAcert with Linux Client

Creating Mikrotik OpenVPN Server Certificates

OpenVPN works with SSL certificates. You can either use http://cacert.org to issue these or use the easy-rsa scripts, that come with most OpenVPN distributions. On RouterOS, all you have to do is to upload them via ftp (ca certificate and router certificate and private key) and import them with . . . → Read More: Setup Mikrotik OpenVPN Server using CAcert with Linux Client

Open-Mesh Revisited

Well after my first attempts with those little white boxes, along came the OpenWRT-Linux guru of our net to point out that most of the ways i tried to tackle problems are things of the past for OpenWRT.  As a matter of fact i think that most of the problems i am trying to tackle under Linux are me own patchwork around my ignorance to some new developments or ways around things. But hey this is the deal. Attempt and right the wrongs by great collaboration and good friends. So lets say thanx to Vasilis Tsiligiannis for all the help and guidance he provided in rewriting and perfecting the script we needed. Continue reading Open-Mesh Revisited

Open-Mesh! Let the games Begin!

Being so preoccupied with other wi-fi architectures and deployments, I failed to catch up to the meshing Craze. Yes its true that for speedy wifi nets you need the directional antennas, the best and fastest SBCs or X86s, various optimizations and tens of other detains. On the other hand when you move closer to the ground, you different issues. To deliver signal to users you really need something better, more clever than a dozen of WDS devices. The truth is that mesh configs with OLSR and BATMAN really shine in Hotspot conditions and outperform older solutions. Continue reading Open-Mesh! Let the games Begin!

802.11n Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS)


MCS Index Modulation Rate Code NBPSCS(iSS) NSD NSP NCBPS NDBPS Rate Mb/s @ 20MHz Rate Mb/s@ 40MHz
(20MHz/40MHz) (20MHz/40MHz) (20MHz/40MHz) (20MHz/40MHz) 800ns GI 400ns GI 800ns GI 400ns GI

0 BPSK 1/2 1 52/108 4/6 52/108 26/54 6.5 7.2 13.5 15.0
1 QPSK 1/2 2 52/108 4/6 104/216 52/108 13.0 14.4 27.0 30.0
2 QPSK 3/4 2 52/108 4/6 104/216 78/162 19.5 21.7 40.5 45.0
3 16-QAM 1/2 4 52/108 4/6 208/432 104/216 26.0 28.9 54.0 60.0
4 16-QAM 3/4 4 52/108 4/6 208/432 156/324 39.0 43.3 81.0 90.0
5 64-QAM 2/3 6 52/108 4/6 312/648 208//432 52.0 57.8 108.0 120.0
6 64-QAM 3/4 6 52/108 4/6 312/648 234/486 58.5 65.0 121.5 135.0
7 64-QAM 5/6 6 52/108 4/6 312/648 260/540 65.0 72.2 135.0 150.0

8 BPSK 1/2 1 52/108 4/6 104/216 52/108 13.0 14.4 27.0 30.0
9 QPSK 1/2 2 52/108 4/6 208/432 104/216 26.0 28.9 54.0 60.0
10 QPSK 3/5 2 52/108 4/6 208/432 156/324 39.0 43.3 81.0 90.0
11 16-QAM 1/2 4 52/108 4/6 416/864 208/432 52.0 57.8 108.0 120.0
12 16-QAM 3/4 4 52/108 4/6 416/864 312/648 78.0 86.7 162.0 180.0
13 64-QAM 2/3 6 52/108 4/6 624/1296 416/864 104.0 115.6 216.0 240.0
14 64-QAM 3/4 6 52/108 4/6 624/1296 468/972 117.0 130.0 243.0 270.0
15 64-QAM 5/6 6 52/108 4/6 624/1296 520/1080 130.0 144.4 270.0 300.0

16 BPSK 1/2 1 52/108 4/6 156/324 78/162 19.5 21.7 40.5 45.0
17 QPSK 1/2 2 52/108 4/6 312/648 156/324 39.0 43.3 81.0 90.0
18 QPSK 3/5 2 52/108 4/6 312/648 234/486 58.5 65.0 121.5 135.0
19 16-QAM 1/2 4 52/108 4/6 624/1296 312/648 78.0 87.6 162.0 180.0
20 16-QAM 3/4 4 52/108 4/6 624/1296 468/972 117.0 130.0 243.0 270.0
21 64-QAM 2/3 6 52/108 4/6 936/1944 624/1296 156.0 173.3 324.0 360.0
22 64-QAM 3/4 6 52/108 4/6 936/1944 702/1458 175.5 195.0 364.5 405.0
23 64-QAM 5/6 6 52/108 4/6 936/1944 780/1620 195.0 216.7 405.0 450.0

24 BPSK 1/2 1 52/108 4/6 208/432 104/216 26.0 28.9 54.0 60.0
25 QPSK 1/2 2 52/108 4/6 416/864 208/432 52.0 57.8 108.0 120.0
26 QPSK 3/5 2 52/108 4/6 416/864 312/648 78.0 86.7 162.0 180.0
27 16-QAM 1/2 4 52/108 4/6 832/1728 416/864 104.0 115.6 216.0 240.0
28 16-QAM 3/4 4 52/108 4/6 832/1728 624/1296 156.0 173.3 324.0 360.0
29 64-QAM 2/3 6 52/108 4/6 1248/2592 832/1728 208.0 231.1 432.0 480.0
30 64-QAM 3/4 6 52/108 4/6 1248/2592 936/1944 234 260.0 486.0 540.0
31 64-QAM 5/6 6 52/108 4/6 1248/2592 1040/2160 260.0 288.9 540.0 600.0

32 BPSK 1/2 1 NA/48 NA/4 NA/48 NA/24 NA NA 6.0 6.7

NBPSCS(iSS) = Number of coded bits per single carrier

NSD = Number of data sub-carriers

NSP = Number of pilot sub-carriers (used for pilot tracking)

NCBPS = Number of coded bits per OFDM symbol

NDBPS = Number of data bits per OFDM symbol

MCS 0 – 7 are for 1×1 MIMO (1 spacial stream), MCS 8 – 15 are 2×2 MIMO (2 spacial streams). MCS 16 – 23 are 3×3 MIMO (3 spacial streams) and MCS 24 – 31 are for 4×4 MIMO (4 spacial streams).

Ο vendor are obliged to support MCS 0 – 15  depending on weather they implement 1×1 or 2×2 MIMO at 20MHz.  Support for 40MHz and the rest of MCS is optional.

MCS 32 is special for high noise environments and it basically does duplication of data, its BPSK with 1 spacial stream in 40MHz only and with max rate  6.7Mb/s .

MCS 33 – 76 are in unequal modulation of 2 spacial streams upwards, in other words every stream has different modulation (QPSK/QAM), the 33 – 38 has 2 streams (max 108.3Mb/s @ 20MHz, 225Mb/s @ 40MHz), 39 – 52 has 3 streams (max 173,3Mb/s @20MHz, 360Mb/s @ 40MHz) and  53 – 76 has 4 streams (max 238Mb/s @ 20MHz, 495Μb/s @ 40MHz). The purpose is to have flexibility and better adaptivity to environment conditions (all this provided there is in place an advanced rate control algorithm that takes into account many different parameters).

MCS 77 – 127 are reserved.

Continue reading 802.11n Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS)